Criminality Criminology and Extra Y Chromosome - 3476 Words

Criminality has been sociologically defined as a form of deviant behavior from the norm and the acceptable rules of society. A more generic definition of criminality is a behavioral predisposition that disproportionately favors criminal activity. It is based on the premise that the act or acts committed by an individual violates the natural rights that are given to the person by birth and or by right. The statement â€Å"Are criminals born, or made?† is wide reaching and still the subject of many debates. Each year when Crime in the United States is published, many entities—news media, tourism agencies, and other groups with an interest in crime in our Nation—use reported Crime Index figures to compile rankings of cities and counties. These†¦show more content†¦In 1901, Enrico Ferri, one of the fathers of positivist criminology, was invited to deliver a series of lectures at the University of Naples. Ferri used the occasion to admonish classical criminologists and to advance the principles of positivism. (2) He approached the study of criminals from a sociological perspec ¬tive, that is, by studying the criminals relationship to society rather than the criminals individual personality or physical traits. He also recommended that society focus on the preven ¬tion rather than the punishment of crime. William Sheldon had similar ideas, however these were mainly based around body types. He described three basic body types and different temperaments that corresponded with them. These were: Endomorphs who would be soft and round with relaxed personalities; Mesomorphs who were athletic and tended to be aggressive; and finally Ectomorphs who were thin frail and introverted. Sheldon rated these physical attributes in any given individual, and gave ratings of 1 – 7 to indicate the degree of each body type they possessed then the person would be given a three-digit rating showing his or her possession of these characteristics. Sheldon compared these ratings between a group of 200 male delinquents, against 200 non-delinquent students. He found that the delinquents were significantly higher in mesomorphy and lower in ectomorphy. He concluded that a MesomorphShow MoreRelatedIs Criminal Behaviour Inherited or Learned?1429 Words   |  6 Pagesmultitude of characteristics, in society influence whether a person becomes deviant such as poverty, physical abuse or neglect. Nurture defines biological features which could inevitability lead to a individuals deviant or criminal behaviour, because criminality is believed by biological positivist to be inherited from a persons parents. However, I believe that criminal behaviour is a mixture of characteristics that lead to deviant acts such as psychological illness Environmental factors. ThereforeRead MoreLombroso’s Biological Theory of Crime Essay617 Words   |  3 Pagestheory of Cesare Lombroso. Lombroso based his theory on the assumption that criminals have certain physiognomic features or abnormalities. Lombroso wanted to be able to detect future criminals in order to isolate them from the society. This gave criminology a strong push to create new methods of dealing with criminals and prevent crimes. Lombroso implied that prisoners had common facial characteristics. If to exaggerate criminals in Lombroso’s theory can be identified through the shape of their skullsRead MoreAre Criminals Born or Made? Essay2156 Words   |  9 Pagesinclude: genetic theory, hereditary theory, psychosis and brain injury theory. In the next few paragraphs examples of each will be shown. The first theory to be explored is the hereditary theory, which stems from Cesare Lombroso (1876) father of criminology, (Feldman, 1993) whose studies were carried out by morphology. Lombroso tried to show a relationship between criminal behaviour and physical characteristics. Lombrosco suggested that an individual was predisposed to becoming a criminal, as a resultRead MoreAre Criminals Born Or Made?2023 Words   |  9 Pagestheories within the biological explanation as to why individuals commit criminal behavior, these include: genetic theory, hereditary theory,. The first theory to be explored is the hereditary theory, which stems from Cesar Lombroso (1876) father of criminology, (Feldman, 1993) whose studies were carried out by morphology. Lombroso tried to show a relationship between criminal behavior and physical characteristics. Lombrosco suggested that an individual was predisposed to becoming a criminal, as a resultRead MoreExplain the Strengths and Weaknesses of One or More Criminological Theories for Explaining Crime in Contemporary Britain2651 Words   |  11 Pagestheory. * Evaluate Lombroso’s theory and link it to contemporary Britain. Include statistical data. * Discuss Charles Goring’s critisms of Lombroso’s theory. * Evaluate Sheldon’s somatypes theory. * Describe and evaluate the biological chromosomes theory. * State how Patria Jacobs’ study of the XYY genotype is tested by Stanley Walzer and Park Gerald’s own study of mental health hospital patients. * Explain how sociologists differ from biological theorist in their explanation of crimeRead MoreInvestigating Crime and Relevant Issues Essay7311 Words   |  30 Pagesto criminal behaviours. Cesare Lombroso (1835-1909) was a physician and criminal anthropologist. He measured the facial features of prisoners in Italian jails and identified physical characteristics, that he believed indicated criminality. Individuals that had these features were considered to be a more primitive type of human being. Among the features which Lombroso identified were the following: an over-sized brain; squinting eyes; prominent eye-brows and a projectingRead MoreEssay on Criminological Theories13456 Words   |  54 PagesCriminological Theories 4 7 11 15 18 22 25 28 32 35 38 41 3 Chapter 1 Introduction to Criminological Theory Terms Causality. A concept more applicable to the hard sciences. Does the appearance of X cause effect Y? In a perfect relationship, the appearance of X would always cause the effect Y. each and every time the relationship is seen. Empirical Validity. This is the most important factor in evaluating a theory, and means that the theory has been supported by research evidence. Ideology. A beliefRead MoreA Profile Report By Eric W1570 Words   |  7 Pagessyndrome’ to be inappropriate, noting for many years, an extra Y chromosome ways though to be a contributing factor in criminal behaviors (Bowles, 2000). References Abadinsky, H. (2009). Organized crime (9th Ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning ISBN: 0-495-59966- Bowles, J. T. (2000). Sex, kings and serial killers and other group-selected human traits, Medical Hypotheses, 54(6), 864-894. Biological and developmental criminality in the case of Aileen Wuornos. (2011, January 09). Read MoreThe Sociological Perspective On Deviance1795 Words   |  8 PagesFinal Assessment Criminology By Kayla Dunn 10/10/2017 When defining deviance, it’s a behavior that is recognized as violating expected rules and norms and behavior that departs significantly from social expectations. In the sociological perspective on deviance, there is subtlety that distinguishes it from our commonsense understanding of the same behavior. Sociologists stress social context, not just individual behavior. That is, deviance is looked at in terms of group processes, definitions, andRead More Brain and Behavior of Men and Women Essay1897 Words   |  8 Pagesand Physiological Differences: The genetic makeup of individuals tends to dictate physiological differences. An individual with an extra Y chromosome or XYY instead of XY genotype will not only have a different phenotype, but will be much more aggressive due to the increased maleness. The XYY syndrome brings up another very intricate issue, criminology with behavioral genetics. XYY subjects may be more violent. Adoption and twin studies also show a genetic linkage to certain behavior. Identical